What Is L6219DS Driver IC？

What Is L6219DS?
1. The L6219DS is a motor driver IC designed for precise control of motors.
2. The L6219DS can drive both windings of a bipolar stepper motor or bidirectionally control two DC motors.
3. It features internal pulse-width modulation (PWM) for controlling the output current up to 750 mA with a low output saturation voltage (less than 1.8 V at 500 mA).
4. Its output current limits can be selected via logic-level inputs, offering 0%, 33%, 67%, or 100% of the maximum current.
5. The IC includes ground clamp and flyback diodes for protection against inductive transients and thermal protection that disables outputs when the temperature exceeds safe limits.
6. It operates without special power-up sequencing and has internal delays to prevent crossover currents during switching.
Pinout of L6219DS
COMP_IN1: Comparator input 1 (for motor current control)
COMP_IN2: Comparator input 2 (for motor current control)
I01: Current sense input for phase 1, motor 1
I02: Current sense input for phase 2, motor 1
I11: Current sense input for phase 1, motor 2
I12: Current sense input for phase 2, motor 2
PHASE1: Motor 1 phase 1 input (drives the first phase of the motor)
PHASE2: Motor 1 phase 2 input (drives the second phase of the motor)
RC1: Reference current input for motor 1
RC2: Reference current input for motor 2
SENSE1: Motor current sense for motor 1
SENSE2: Motor current sense for motor 2
VREF1: Reference voltage input for motor 1
VREF2: Reference voltage input for motor 2
GROUND: Ground pin
OUT2B: Output 2B (Phase 2, motor 2)
OUT2A: Output 2A (Phase 1, motor 2)
OUT1B: Output 1B (Phase 2, motor 1)
OUT1A: Output 1A (Phase 1, motor 1)
LOAD_SUPPLY: Power supply for the motor load
LOGIC_SUPPLY: Supply voltage for the logic section of the IC
Circuit Principle of L6219DS
The operation of L6219DS is simple: it uses internal Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) to regulate the output current, which in turn controls the motor's speed and torque. The chip contains two H-bridge circuits, each made up of four transistors, which use different switching combinations to control the direction of the current. You can select the current level (e.g., 0%, 33%, 67%, 100%) using input signals, and also control the direction of the current (and thus the motor's rotation) using the PHASE signal.
During operation, the L6219DS uses integrated current sensors to monitor the motor current and adjusts the reference voltage and current limits to prevent overload. It also includes protection features such as over-temperature, over-current, and back-current protection. If the chip's temperature becomes too high, the outputs are automatically disabled to prevent damage.
Specification of L6219DS
Output Configuration: Half Bridge (4)
Step Resolution: 1, 1/2
Supply Voltage (Logic): 4.75 V ~ 5.25 V
Supply Voltage (Load): 10V ~ 45V
Output Current (per Bridge): 750 mA
Output Voltage Drop: ≤ 1.8 V (500 mA)
PWM Frequency: Adjustable via external components
Logic Input Voltage (High): ≥ 2.4 V
Logic Input Voltage (Low): ≤ 0.8 V
Package: 24-SOIC
Operating Temperature: -20°C ~ 150°C
Features of L6219DS
Interchangeable with SGS L6219DS
750 mA Continuous Output Current
45 V Output Sustaining Voltage
Internal Clamp Diodes
Internal PWM Current Control
Low Output Saturation Voltage
Internal Thermal Shutdown Circuitry
Similar to Dual PBL3717, UC3770
Where to Use L6219DS?
The L6219DS is widely used for driving stepper motors and small DC motors. Additionally, it is commonly found in 3D printers, CNC machines, and automation equipment for positioning and speed control. In office devices such as printers and copiers, the L6219DS drives rollers and conveyor mechanisms. It has built-in protection features and current regulation, so it is suitable for various motor-driving applications in industrial and consumer electronics.
How to Use L6219DS?
First, connect the power pins of the L6219DS (VREF1, VREF2, LOGIC_SUPPLY, and LOAD_SUPPLY) to the appropriate power sources. LOGIC_SUPPLY should be connected to the logic power supply (typically 5V), and LOAD_SUPPLY should be connected to the motor’s supply voltage.
Next, connect the two windings of the motor to the output pins of the L6219DS (OUT1A, OUT1B, OUT2A, OUT2B). For a stepper motor, connect the two phase windings to the outputs of the two H-bridges. For a DC motor, connect it to two of the output pins.
Then, connect the PHASE signal to control the motor's rotation direction. By inputting a PWM signal, the L6219DS will regulate the output current to control the motor speed. Additionally, you can set current limits by adjusting the reference voltage at the VREF and SENSE pins to prevent motor overload. Before starting the operation, ensure that all connections and parameter settings are correct and that the current limit is within safe limits.
Package of L6219DS
The L6219DS is packaged in a 24-pin SOIC package, suitable for various motor driving applications. The dimensions of the SOIC package are 7.5mm × 12mm, with a pin pitch of 1.27mm. In addition, the 24 pins of the L6219DS include power pins, output pins, logic control pins, and protection function pins, providing comprehensive motor control functionality. The package also features 4 internally fused pins to enhance power dissipation capabilities.
FAQs
How does the L6219DS control motor speed?
The L6219DS controls motor speed by adjusting the PWM signal, which modulates the output current to regulate the motor's rotation speed and torque.
Does the L6219DS have protection features?
Yes, the L6219DS includes thermal protection, overcurrent protection, and reverse current protection to safeguard the motor driver and the connected motor from potential damage.
Is the L6219DS suitable for driving a single-phase motor?
No, the L6219DS is specifically designed to drive bipolar stepper motors or two DC motors, not single-phase motors.